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	<title>Salvatorescandurra.com - Blog</title>
	<atom:link href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog</link>
	<description>Multimedia art weblog</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Thu, 22 Jul 2010 03:17:18 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>Out come the wolves!</title>
		<link>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2010/07/22/out-come-the-wolves/</link>
		<comments>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2010/07/22/out-come-the-wolves/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 22 Jul 2010 03:17:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Turi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Character Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Projects]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/?p=242</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[When asked to draw an animal of his or her choice, a character designer would choose a raccoon, or a penguin, maybe a squirrel, or a cross-eyed pug. I don&#8217;t really have this option.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>When asked to draw an animal of his or her choice, a character designer would choose a raccoon, or a penguin, maybe a squirrel, or a cross-eyed pug.<br />
I don&#8217;t really have this option.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/turi-scandurra-2010-wolf-002.png"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/turi-scandurra-2010-wolf-002-468x345.png" alt="" title="turi-scandurra-2010-wolf-002" width="468" height="345" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-244" /></a></p>
<p><span id="more-242"></span></p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/turi-scandurra-2010-wolf-001.png"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/turi-scandurra-2010-wolf-001-327x468.png" alt="" title="turi-scandurra-2010-wolf-001" width="327" height="468" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-243" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/turi-scandurra-2010-wolf-003.png"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/turi-scandurra-2010-wolf-003-384x468.png" alt="" title="turi-scandurra-2010-wolf-003" width="384" height="468" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-245" /></a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>Sketch dump 2010.07</title>
		<link>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2010/07/22/sketch-dump-2010-0/</link>
		<comments>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2010/07/22/sketch-dump-2010-0/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 22 Jul 2010 00:57:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Turi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Character Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Projects]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sketches]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/?p=235</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A handful of quick studies, 2 and 3 minute poses.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A handful of quick studies, 2 and 3 minute poses.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/turi-scandurra-2010-sketches-dump-003.png"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/turi-scandurra-2010-sketches-dump-003-468x352.png" alt="" title="turi-scandurra-2010-sketches-dump-003" width="468" height="352" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-238" /></a><br />
<span id="more-235"></span><br />
<a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/turi-scandurra-2010-sketches-dump-001.png"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/turi-scandurra-2010-sketches-dump-001-329x468.png" alt="" title="turi-scandurra-2010-sketches-dump-001" width="329" height="468" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-236" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/turi-scandurra-2010-sketches-dump-004.png"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/turi-scandurra-2010-sketches-dump-004-468x331.png" alt="" title="turi-scandurra-2010-sketches-dump-004" width="468" height="331" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-239" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/turi-scandurra-2010-sketches-dump-002.png"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/turi-scandurra-2010-sketches-dump-002-380x468.png" alt="" title="turi-scandurra-2010-sketches-dump-002" width="380" height="468" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-237" /></a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>Character design for Animation: Big Fish</title>
		<link>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2010/07/20/character-design-for-animation-big-fish/</link>
		<comments>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2010/07/20/character-design-for-animation-big-fish/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 20 Jul 2010 16:53:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Turi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Character Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Projects]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/?p=223</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Character design for an (imaginary) animated version of Tim Burton&#8217;s Big Fish. No, I&#8217;m not going to animate it! Click on the image to enlarge it.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Character design for an (imaginary) animated version of Tim Burton&#8217;s Big Fish.<br />
No, I&#8217;m not going to animate it!</p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/bigfish-size-comparison-chart.png"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/bigfish-size-comparison-chart-468x256.png" alt="bigfish-size-comparison-chart" title="bigfish-size-comparison-chart" width="468" height="256" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-224" /></a></p>
<p>Click on the image to enlarge it.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>Animation tutorial: pencil test cleanup with the GIMP</title>
		<link>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2010/06/11/animation-tutorial-pencil-test-cleanup-with-the-gimp/</link>
		<comments>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2010/06/11/animation-tutorial-pencil-test-cleanup-with-the-gimp/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 11 Jun 2010 03:34:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Turi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Animation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Projects]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/?p=203</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This tutorial will teach you how to batch clean up a sequence of scanned frames. We are going to use the GIMP (it&#8217;s free software, download it from gimp.org) and GAP, the GIMP Animation Package. In order to let GAP see the images as a sequence, the files must be named sequentially, like image-000001.xcf, image-000002.xcf, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This tutorial will teach you how to batch clean up a sequence of scanned frames. We are going to use the GIMP (it&#8217;s free software, download it from <a href="http://www.gimp.org/">gimp.org</a>) and GAP, the GIMP Animation Package.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-001.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-001.jpg" alt="From pencil test to clean-up" title="pencil-test-cleanup-001" width="468" height="340" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-206" /></a></p>
<p><span id="more-203"></span><br />
In order to let GAP see the images as a sequence, the files must be named sequentially, like image-000001.xcf, image-000002.xcf, image-000003.xcf&#8230;<br />
Let&#8217;s start by opening the first frame: </p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-002.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-002-408x468.jpg" alt="" title="pencil-test-cleanup-002" width="408" height="468" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-208" /></a></p>
<p>Now we need to make the dark lines darker, and to push the grayish background to pure white. We first have to play with levels adjustment and make some tests to find the right values for our image. A quick way to do this is by selecting <strong>Color > Levels&#8230;</strong> from the main menu, but without committing the changes. Once we know the right Input Levels values, we can run the batch action. Select <strong>Video > Frames Modify&#8230;</strong> from the main menu.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-003.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-003.jpg" alt="" title="pencil-test-cleanup-003" width="468" height="394" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-209" /></a></p>
<p>Change the function to <strong>Apply filter on layer(s)</strong>. Set layer selection and frame range, then click OK.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-004.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-004.jpg" alt="" title="pencil-test-cleanup-004" width="468" height="364" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-210" /></a></p>
<p>We now have to select what function we want to run with our batch action. Let&#8217;s choose <strong>plug-in-wr-color-levels</strong>, then click on <strong>Apply Constant</strong>.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-005.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-005.jpg" alt="" title="pencil-test-cleanup-005" width="468" height="444" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-211" /></a></p>
<p>We now have to use the values found earlier. For my scans, I just set <strong>Low Input</strong> to 150 and <strong>High Input</strong> to 200, but you might need a different adjustment.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-006.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-006.jpg" alt="" title="pencil-test-cleanup-006" width="468" height="435" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-212" /></a></p>
<p>After confirming the action, every frame will be affected by the new levels adjustment. This is what you&#8217;ll get:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-007.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-007.jpg" alt="" title="pencil-test-cleanup-007" width="468" height="581" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-213" /></a></p>
<p>It&#8217;s now time to clean up the rough drawings, frame by frame. Pick the brush of your choice, set the foreground color to white, and start painting over the excess lines. You can add black strokes where needed. </p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-008.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-008-462x468.jpg" alt="" title="pencil-test-cleanup-008" width="462" height="468" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-214" /></a></p>
<p>Some people won&#8217;t need to go any further with the cleanup process, as we now have clean black and white drawings. In my case, though, I need solid black lines over transparent background. We can execute another batch action selecting <strong>Video > Frames Modify&#8230;</strong> from the main menu. This time, the function has to be set to <strong>plug-in-colortoalpha</strong>.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-009.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-009.jpg" alt="" title="pencil-test-cleanup-009" width="468" height="375" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-215" /></a></p>
<p>Confirm the default color setting (white), and we&#8217;re done!</p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-010.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-010.jpg" alt="" title="pencil-test-cleanup-010" width="468" height="368" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-216" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-011.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-011.jpg" alt="" title="pencil-test-cleanup-011" width="468" height="379" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-217" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-012.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/pencil-test-cleanup-012.jpg" alt="" title="pencil-test-cleanup-012" width="468" height="477" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-218" /></a></p>
<p>If you don&#8217;t want this cleanup process to be performed on the whole image sequence, you can manually adjust the levels of each frame, and then run <strong>Colors > Color to Alpha&#8230;</strong> from the main menu.</p>
<p>I hope this tutorial can be useful to some animators out there!</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Two new pencil tests</title>
		<link>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2010/05/21/two-new-pencil-tests/</link>
		<comments>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2010/05/21/two-new-pencil-tests/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 21 May 2010 00:36:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Turi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Animation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Projects]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/?p=198</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[These are two pencil tests I recently did for the class Traditional Animation 1, at AAU. The first one is an evil cat sneaking into a kitchen. I have a soft spot for evil characters, I can tell&#8230; The second clip is a lipsync pencil test. The character says &#8220;Did I say sugar?&#8221; They are [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>These are two pencil tests I recently did for the class Traditional Animation 1, at AAU.<br />
The first one is an evil cat sneaking into a kitchen. I have a soft spot for evil characters, I can tell&#8230;<br />
The second clip is a lipsync pencil test. The character says &#8220;Did I say sugar?&#8221;<br />
They are both animated on two&#8217;s, with some holds on the second one.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2010/05/21/two-new-pencil-tests/"><em>Click here to view the embedded video.</em></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2010/05/21/two-new-pencil-tests/"><em>Click here to view the embedded video.</em></a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Sanguine portraits</title>
		<link>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2010/05/20/sanguine-portraits/</link>
		<comments>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2010/05/20/sanguine-portraits/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 20 May 2010 17:23:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Turi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Projects]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sketches]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/?p=189</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A couple of portraits I did in the last months. It takes about three hours to complete one, but this full figure with clothes took much longer.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A couple of portraits I did in the last months. It takes about three hours to complete one, but this full figure with clothes took much longer.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/portrait-clothed.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/portrait-clothed-319x468.jpg" alt="" title="portrait-clothed" width="319" height="468" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-190" /></a><span id="more-189"></span></p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/portrait-man-sanguine-2.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/portrait-man-sanguine-2-326x468.jpg" alt="" title="portrait-man-sanguine-2" width="326" height="468" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-191" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/portrait-woman-sanguine-1.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/portrait-woman-sanguine-1-346x468.jpg" alt="" title="portrait-woman-sanguine-1" width="346" height="468" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-192" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/sanguine-studies-eyes.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/sanguine-studies-eyes-468x270.jpg" alt="" title="sanguine-studies-eyes" width="468" height="270" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-193" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/sanguine-studies-noses-mouths.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/sanguine-studies-noses-mouths-245x468.jpg" alt="" title="sanguine-studies-noses-mouths" width="245" height="468" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-194" /></a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>Charcoal sketches</title>
		<link>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2010/05/20/charcoal-sketches/</link>
		<comments>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2010/05/20/charcoal-sketches/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 20 May 2010 17:15:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Turi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Projects]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sketches]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[AAU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sketches]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/?p=180</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[These are some of the drawings that I made during the last four months. I&#8217;ve been dealing with the human figure like I never did before. So all my animal characters, critters and monsters are very jealous now!]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>These are some of the drawings that I made during the last four months. I&#8217;ve been dealing with the human figure like I never did before. So all my animal characters, critters and monsters are very jealous now!<br />
<a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/sketches-0005.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/sketches-0005-468x320.jpg" alt="" title="sketches-0005" width="468" height="320" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-181" /></a></p>
<p><span id="more-180"></span><br />
<a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/blackgirl-1.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/blackgirl-1.jpg" alt="" title="blackgirl-1" width="438" height="800" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-182" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/housewife.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/housewife-322x468.jpg" alt="" title="housewife" width="322" height="468" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-183" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/sketches-0010.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/sketches-0010-468x344.jpg" alt="" title="sketches-0010" width="468" height="344" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-184" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/venezuelan-1.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/venezuelan-1-337x468.jpg" alt="" title="venezuelan-1" width="337" height="468" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-185" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/waitress.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/waitress-318x468.jpg" alt="" title="waitress" width="318" height="468" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-186" /></a></p>
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		<title>Bully Bullfrog &#8211; Walk cycle over panning background</title>
		<link>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2009/11/27/bully-bullfrog-walk-cycle-over-panning-background/</link>
		<comments>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2009/11/27/bully-bullfrog-walk-cycle-over-panning-background/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 27 Nov 2009 12:55:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Turi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Animation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Projects]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/?p=168</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Check out this video. It sums up the steps to animate a sneaky walk cycle. Download Character animation is done using GIMP and GAP. (Yeah, nothing is GIMPossible!) I first roughly sketched the basic lines, just to have an idea of how the masses will move. I then inked the outline. I did my pencil [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Check out this video. It sums up the steps to animate a sneaky walk cycle.</p>
<p>			<object type="application/x-shockwave-flash" data="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/video/player.swf" width="468" height="282"><param name="movie" value="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/video/player.swf" /><param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always" /><param name="flashvars" value="image=/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/bully-howto.jpg&#038;displayheight=282&amp;autostart=false&amp;smoothing=false&amp;file=/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/bully-walk-cycle-howto.mp4" /></object><br />
<a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/bully-walk-cycle-howto.mp4">Download</a></p>
<p>Character animation is done using <a href="http://www.gimp.org/">GIMP</a> and <a href="http://www.gimp.org/tutorials/Using_GAP/">GAP</a>. (Yeah, nothing is GIMPossible!)<br />
I first roughly sketched the basic lines, just to have an idea of how the masses will move. I then inked the outline.<br />
I did my pencil test &#8220;on twos&#8221;, which means 12 frames per second, on 24 frames per second playback. After cleanup I added inbetweens, making it run smoothly at 24 frames per second, or &#8220;on ones&#8221;.<br />
Finally, I colored the character and added a transparent shadow.</p>
<p>Final compositing is done with <a href="http://www.blender.org/">Blender</a>.<br />
This image shows the different layers that make up the background.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/bully-bg-breakdown.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/bully-bg-breakdown.jpg" alt="bully-bg-breakdown" title="bully-bg-breakdown" width="468" height="479" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-171" /></a></p>
<p>When it comes to panning backgrounds, it&#8217;s like the view from a train window: objects closer to you move faster; far away ones are almost motionless.<br />
The images have to be larger than the width of your composition, so that you can pan them horizontally.<br />
I used this combination of Blender nodes to perform the panning:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/bully-bg-nodes.jpg"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/bully-bg-nodes.jpg" alt="bully-bg-nodes" title="bully-bg-nodes" width="468" height="333" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-173" /></a></p>
<p>Each background layer is on a separate scene, and has its own nodes applied to it.<br />
You may want to add a scene to itself in the VSE to have a live preview of what you&#8217;re doing.</p>
<p>So, input is an Image node, and it&#8217;s passed to the Composite node through a Translate node.<br />
We first have to place the image in its starting position on the X axis.<br />
Create a Math node, insert the amount of pixels you wish to shift the image and plug its output to X value of Translate node.<br />
To interpolate the animation you have to create a Time node and plug it to a new Math node. Be sure that both Start and End time on Time node match your scene. On the Math node, insert the amount of movement you want and multiply it by the value from the Time node.<br />
You only need to plug this last Math node to the first Math node created, choosing to sum their values.<br />
To make the layers move at different speeds, use different values on the multiplying Math node. Positive values will translate the image left to right, negative values will make it move the opposite way.</p>
<p>That&#8217;s all, I hope sharing my experience helps!</p>
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		<title>Bully Bullfrog &#8211; Work in progress</title>
		<link>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2009/11/21/bully-bullfrog-work-in-progress/</link>
		<comments>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2009/11/21/bully-bullfrog-work-in-progress/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 21 Nov 2009 01:53:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Turi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Animation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Projects]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/?p=136</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[My cartoon is still at an early stage. This is a rough cut of what I&#8217;ve animated so far. Download This screenshot shows the use of Blender for 2D compositing. I used keyframed animation to move ants along a path. Their walk cycle is made by six frames only. Unfortunately, I&#8217;m not sure that I [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>My cartoon is still at an early stage. This is a rough cut of what I&#8217;ve animated so far.</p>
<p>			<object type="application/x-shockwave-flash" data="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/video/player.swf" width="450" height="278"><param name="movie" value="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/video/player.swf" /><param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always" /><param name="flashvars" value="image=/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/bully-wip.jpg&#038;displayheight=278&amp;autostart=false&amp;smoothing=false&amp;file=/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/x-bully-wip-2009.mp4" /></object><br />
<a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/x-bully-wip-2009.mp4">Download</a></p>
<p>This screenshot shows the use of Blender for 2D compositing. I used keyframed animation to move ants along a path. Their walk cycle is made by six frames only.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/shot-bully-blender.png"><img src="http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/shot-bully-blender-468x261.png" alt="shot-bully-blender" title="shot-bully-blender" width="468" height="261" class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-142" /></a></p>
<p>Unfortunately, I&#8217;m not sure that I will be able to spend my time on this animation project during the next months&#8230;</p>
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		<title>Le scuole di animazione e le mie influenze</title>
		<link>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2009/11/21/le-scuole-di-animazione-e-le-mie-influenze/</link>
		<comments>http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/2009/11/21/le-scuole-di-animazione-e-le-mie-influenze/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 20 Nov 2009 23:23:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Turi</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Animation]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.salvatorescandurra.com/blog/?p=130</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[(This post is in Italian) Pubblico qui i pensieri sorti in seno a una mia recente intervista per una radio catanese, Radio Zammù. Scuole di animazione Perseguire un obiettivo, nel corso della vita, significa a volte andarselo a rincorrere; quest&#8217;anno la mia corsa mi ha portato in California, a cercare il master ideale per migliorarmi [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>(This post is in Italian)<br />
<span id="more-130"></span><br />
Pubblico qui i pensieri sorti in seno a una mia recente intervista per una radio catanese, <a href="http://www.radiozammu.it/">Radio Zammù</a>.</p>
<p><strong>Scuole di animazione</strong></p>
<p>Perseguire un obiettivo, nel corso della vita, significa a volte andarselo a rincorrere; quest&#8217;anno la mia corsa mi ha portato in California, a cercare il master ideale per migliorarmi e diventare animation artist. Quella terra, che un tempo attirava i cercatori d&#8217;oro, ora mi sembra perfetta per costruire il mio network, la rete di conoscenze necessaria alla realizzazione dei miei progetti cinematografici. E&#8217; stato un viaggio tecnico, per visitare quatto grandi università, e sondarne le attività professionali collegate.</p>
<p>Alla <a href="http://www.tft.ucla.edu/programs/animation/">UCLA, University of California &#8211; Los Angeles</a>, ho assistito all&#8217;elegante serata di presentazione dei lavori degli studenti. Il Master of Fine Arts che offrono qui è orientato prevalentemente all&#8217;aspirante filmmaker indipendente: ci sono anche corsi specifici per la gestione dell&#8217;impresa cinematografica.</p>
<p>La <a href="http://anim.usc.edu/">USC, University of Southern California</a>, è la più cara ma anche la più ricca, e i lavori prodotti qui vengono spinti avanti dall&#8217;università stessa, che investe e fa investire molte risorse (anche agli studenti stessi) per arrivare a produrre film il più vicini possibile allo standard Hollywoodiano. Che tanto, Hollywood è a venti minuti di strada.</p>
<p>Il <a href="http://calarts.edu/film/video/programs/experimentalanimation">CalArts, California Institute of Arts</a>, a Valencia, poco più a nord di Los Angeles, è quello più concentrato sulla formazione di artisti dell&#8217;animazione molto specializzati, che andranno poi a lavorare nei grandi studios. Fortemente spalleggiato dagli eredi Disney, è la scuola da cui viene Tim Burton. Il loro master in Experimental Animation però mi è sembrato davvero inconsistente. Ho frugato tra gli scaffali della loro cineteca, e i lavori degli studenti sono, appunto, piccoli esperimenti, che non giustificano l&#8217;investimento di un master. CalArts è molto più forte nel BFA in Character Animation, per cui gode di buona fama anche tra gli studenti delle altre scuole.</p>
<p>Ho infine trovato la mia <a href="http://academyart.edu/">Academy of Art University</a>, che si trova in una città bellissima, San Francisco.</p>
<p>In Italia un istituto che gode di un po&#8217; di prestigioso è la sezione animazione della <a href="http://www.fondazionecsc.it/context.jsp?ID_LINK=23&amp;area=7">Scuola Nazionale di Cinema</a>, sede Piemonte (ex-centro sperimentale di cinema). A numero chiusissimo (16 posti disponibili), ha il sostegno della RAI.<br />
Ci sono poi la <a href="http://www.scuolacomics.it/">Scuola Internazionale di Comics</a> a Firenze e Roma, più tecnica, e l&#8217; <a href="http://www.ied.it/">Istituto Europeo di Design</a> a Milano e Torino, che si fa un sacco di pubblicità.</p>
<p>In Europa una delle più ambite è senza dubbio <a href="http://www.gobelins.fr/">Gobelins &#8211; L&#8217;Ecole de L&#8217;Image</a> a Parigi. Là fanno solo cose amabili! Su loro <a href="http://youtube.com/user/gobelins">canale Youtube</a> ci sono tutti i cartoon. Colleghi mi hanno anche parlato del <a href="http://www.rca.ac.uk/Default.aspx?ContentID=159410&amp;GroupID=159384&amp;CategoryID=36692&amp;More=1">Royal College of Arts</a> a Londra, ma non conosco nessuno che l&#8217;abbia fatto, ne ho solo visto i lavori.</p>
<p><strong>I festival di animazione in Italia</strong></p>
<p>Festival importanti in Italia sono <a href="http://www.cartoonsbay.com/">Cartoons on the Bay</a>, a Positano in aprile, concentrato sulle produzioni televisive (e sulla compravendita dei diritti sul mercato internazionale); <a href="http://www.castellianimati.it/">I Castelli Animati</a> a Genzano di Roma (a fine novembre); il mio preferito, il <a href="http://www.futurefilmfestival.org/">Future Film Festival</a> di Bologna, a gennaio, più incentrato sulle nuove tecnologie, ma anche attento a retrospettive interessanti.</p>
<p><strong>Le mie influenze</strong></p>
<p>Il primo autore che mi ha davvero appassionato è stato sicuramente <strong>Bruno Bozzetto</strong>, che ho poi avuto il piacere di incontrare ad un festival.<br />
Il suo <em>Allegro non troppo</em> è stata la risposta italiana, più toccante, a <em>Fantasia</em>. Il film Disney, sebbene rivoluzionario per il suo tempo, era prettamente coreografico/musicale, mentre questo di bozzetto mette ironicamente in scena amore, vecchiaia, morte, sessualità, religione&#8230; comunica insomma su più fronti.<br />
Di Bozzetto ho studiato fotogramma per fotogramma corti come <em><a href="http://youtube.com/watch?v=Jj2Z-secyqQ">Grasshoppers</a></em>, che ripercorre la storia dell&#8217;uomo da una distanza quasi oggettiva, o l&#8217;altro lungometraggio <em><a href="http://youtube.com/watch?v=CJXWXG-4PCg">West and Soda</a></em>, un esperimento western epico-romantico mai più ritentato in Italia.</p>
<p>Un maestro della caratterizzazione dei personaggi è stato <strong>Chuck Jones</strong>, animatore degli anni migliori della Warner Bros. E&#8217; lui che ha inventato il ciclo di <em>Road Runner</em> e <em>Wile Coyote</em>, e che ha portato<em> Bugs Bunny</em>, <em>Daffy Duck</em> e gli altri ai loro livelli più alti. <em><a href="http://youtube.com/watch?v=vhBzKHvM6ww">What&#8217;s Opera, Doc?</a></em> è il mio preferito, una parodia dell&#8217;anello del Nibelungo wagneriano, con un finale metacinematografico. Ho visto i suoi <em>Looney Tunes</em> in pellicola, in lingua originale. A noi sembra che siano stati realizzati quando, da bambini, li vedevamo in TV, ma in realtà sono lavori molto più vecchi, d&#8217;anteguerra. A Chuck Jones va il merito di avere reso importante nell&#8217;animazione la forte caratterizzazione dei singoli personaggi, dotandoli di una grande comunicatività corporea, e accompagnandoli a un doppiaggio molto incisivo. I risultati si vedono nei tipi psicologici dell&#8217;isterico e del nevrotico, condensati nei personaggi di <em>Daffy Duck</em> e <em>Bugs Bunny</em>.</p>
<p><strong>Don Hertzfeldt</strong> è un <em>carusazzo</em> californiano. Le sue animazioni sono molto povere da un punto di vista tecnico, omini a bastoncino come gli scarabocchi che i bimbi fanno sui quaderni. Le situazioni in cui fa cacciare i suoi personaggi, però, sono acutissime. Sanginolento, disilluso, cinico e pieno di umorismo nero. Il suo corto più noto s&#8217;intitola <em><a href="http://youtube.com/watch?v=J34VN2gu2wA">The Meaning of Life</a></em>, &#8220;Il senso della vita&#8221;, ma il più assurdo, che costringo ogni mio amico a vedere, è <em><a href="http://youtube.com/watch?v=PJYxCSXjhLI">Rejected</a></em>, sui cartoon rifiutati dall&#8217;emittente TV che li aveva commissionati. Tutti i personaggi muoiono nell&#8217;accartocciarsi dei fogli su cui sono disegnati. Quel tipo è proprio un bastardo. Ironia assurda, ma profondamente umana.</p>
<p>Oltre a Bruno Bozzetto, solo un duo di animatori italiani è riuscito ad arrivare alla nomination all&#8217;oscar: <strong>Emanuele Luzzati</strong> e <strong>Giulio Giannini</strong>, con<em> <a href="http://youtube.com/watch?v=Nbk0V6rG4Bc">La gazza ladra</a></em> e <a href="http://youtube.com/watch?v=AOoXZxYKqvI"><em>Pulcinella</em></a>. La tecnica dei loro cartoon è particolare. Si utilizzano una sorta di marionette di carta, ma senza fili, animate con la tecnica detta stop-motion. Sono illustrazioni coloratissime, ritagliate e animate fotografandole su un piano, quindi spostate di poco, e poi fotografate ancora. La sequenza delle immagini darà vita al movimento. E&#8217; la stessa tecnica di <em>South Park</em>, per intenderci, solo che quest&#8217;ultimo è disegnato e animato al computer, mentre Luzzati dipingeva coi pastelli su cartoncino. Ho conosciuto anche lui, prima che se ne andasse, ad una conferenza in cui una giornalista americana gli chiese quale software avesse usato per il suo <em>Il flauto magico</em>&#8230;</p>
<p>Io voglio bene a <strong>Ub Iwerks</strong>. Non lo ricorda nessuno, ma lui è il padre di&#8230; <a href="http://youtube.com/watch?v=pwobPtWdGm0"><em>Mickey Mouse</em></a>! Proprio così, fu Iwerks, e non il suo socio Disney, a disegnare quella platea di personaggi zoomorfi poi divenuti famosi, come <em>Topolino</em>, <em>Gambadilegno</em> e <em>Clarabella</em>. Aveva la capacità di rendere vivi i disegni, donando ai personaggi quell&#8217;aspetto plastico, quella vivacità elastica, che poi dettarono lo stile dei cartoon anni Trenta.<br />
Iwerks abbozzava e disegnava e Disney, che era perlopiù un bravo businessman, si prese tutto il merito, così che i due litigarono. Poi però Disney, che trascorreva ogni istante della sua vita fumando, morì di cancro ai polmoni, e non mangiato dai topi, come ci si sarebbe aspettato.</p>
<p><strong>Aleksandr Petrov</strong> è uno dei più grandi artisti viventi, davvero.<br />
Ha vinto un oscar per il suo adattamento de <a href="http://youtube.com/watch?v=v1EbNvHDxbA"><em>Il vecchio e il mare</em></a> di Hemingway, meritatamente. Il cartoon è dipinto ad olio su strati di pannelli di vetro sovrapposti. Ogni fotogramma è dunque un quadro. Un lavoro titanico, che però forse ha stabilito un nuovo orizzonte sull&#8217;arte dell&#8217;animazione. Le animazioni di Petrov sono poesie visive, di una sobrietà romantica intoccabile.</p>
<p><strong>Bill Plympton</strong>, compare di Hertzfeldt, è mattissimo. Bravissimo disegnatore (i suoi lavori sono realizzati con matite colorate), gioca molto con il materiale umano, deformando i corpi, aprendo la pelle, rivoltando i personaggi come calzini. Ma è un visionario puro, s&#8217;inventa gag impensate, come quelle nel suo <a href="http://youtube.com/watch?v=nVOBewHhph4">25 modi di smettere di fumare</a>, uno più improbabile dell&#8217;altro. Plympton, e la sua follia sfrenata hanno prodotto cartoons come <em>L&#8217;emozionante vita di un albero</em>, una soggettiva, appunto, di un albero alle prese con i problemi causatigli dall&#8217;uomo.</p>
<p>Poi ci sarebbero anche <a href="http://youtube.com/results?search_query=Jirí+Trnka">Jirí Trnka</a>, <a href="http://youtube.com/results?search_query=Len+Lye">Len Lye</a>, <a href="http://youtube.com/results?search_query=Norman+McLaren">Norman McLaren</a>, <a href="http://youtube.com/results?search_query=Quay+Brothers">Stephen e Timothy Quay</a>, <a href="http://youtube.com/results?search_query=Caroline+Leaf">Caroline Leaf</a>, <a href="http://youtube.com/results?search_query=John+Lasseter">John Lasseter</a>, <a href="http://youtube.com/results?search_query=Jan+Svankmajer">Jan Svankmajer</a>, <a href="http://youtube.com/results?search_query=Osamu+Tezuka">Osamu Tezuka</a>&#8230; forse in un altro momento avrò il tempo di scrivere anche di loro.</p>
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